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1.
Chinese Journal of Traumatology ; (6): 367-371, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879649

ABSTRACT

Subtalar dislocation is defined as a separation of the talocalcaneal and talonavicular articulations, commonly caused by high-energy mechanisms, which include falls from height, motor vehicle crashes, and twisting leg injuries. The dislocations are divided into medial, lateral, anterior, and posterior types on the basis of the direction in which the distal part of the foot has shifted in relation to the talus. The most common type is medial dislocation resulted from inversion injury. Subtalar dislocation may accompany with other fractures. Physical examination must be performed carefully to assess for neurovascular compromise. Most of the subtalar dislocations can be treated with closed reduction under sedation. If this is not possible, open reduction without further delay should be conducted. After primary treatment, X-ray and computed tomography scan should be performed to evaluate the alignment and the fractures. We report a 37-year-old male patient sustained a subtalar dislocation without any bony injury when he was playing football. The patient was successfully treated by closed reduction, and a good alignment was observed at the last follow-up. The pathogenesis and treatment method of this case were analyzed, and the related literature were reviewed, which provided a reference for future clinical treatment.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Football/injuries , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Subtalar Joint/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
2.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177643

ABSTRACT

A simultaneous double dislocation (both proximal [PIP] and distal [DIP] interphalangeal joints) of a triphalangeal finger is a rare entity. The most common hand affected is the right hand. In the case of a closed triple dislocation (metacarpophalangeal [MCP], PIP and DIP joints); there are only two cases in the literature revised. In this case, we report an open triple dislocation in the index finger of the left-hand of a 54-year-old man treated by closed reduction and 3 weeks of immobilization followed by active mobilization with satisfactory results.


La luxación simultánea de las articulaciones interfalángicas proximal (IFP) y distal (IFD) de un dedo de tres articulaciones es una rara entidad. La mano que es afectada con más frecuencia es la derecha. Con relación a una triple luxación cerrada (articulación metacarpofalángica [MCF], IFP e IFD), sólo hay descritos dos casos en la literatura revisada. En este caso, describimos una triple luxación abierta del segundo dedo de la mano en un varón de 54 años de edad tratada mediante reducción cerrada,e inmovilización durante 3 semanas seguida de movilización activa supervisada, con resultado final satisfactorio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Joint Dislocations/etiology , Finger Injuries/surgery , Finger Injuries/etiology , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Joint Dislocations/diagnostic imaging , Finger Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Finger Joint , Immobilization
3.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 33(2): e170, jul.-dic. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1126738

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La neurofribomatosis tipo 1 es un desorden genético común que puede afectar el esqueleto de forma frecuente. Las manifestaciones esqueléticas de la neurofibromatosis tipo 1 incluyen escoliosis, pseudoartrosis congénita de tibia y lesiones quísticas intraoseas. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas e imagenológicas de esta enfermedad, encontradas en el caso que se presenta, así como el tratamiento realizado y la evolución de la paciente. Presentación del caso: Se presenta una luxación de la cadera resultante de un neurofibroma intraarticular en una paciente femenina de 17 años que sufrió un trauma menor. La luxación y su causa en esta paciente fueron sospechadas en un inicio por el cuadro clínico y los hallazgos anormales en las primeras radiografías de pelvis, y más tarde fue confirmada con tomografía axial computarizada e imágenes por resonancias magnéticas. Se le realizó una reducción cerrada bajo anestesia general con posterior tracción por partes blandas durante cuatro semanas. El caso fue seguido por consulta externa durante un año sin presentar un nuevo episodio de luxación de cadera. Conclusiones: La luxación recidivante de cadera asociada con neurofibromatosis tipo 1 es una ocurrencia rara y está poco reportada en la literatura. Este caso ilustra las características clínicas y sobre todo imagenológicas de la neurofibromatosis tipo 1, mediante las radiografías, imágenes por resonancia magnética y tomografía axial computarizada con reconstrucción. El tratamiento realizado, reducción cerrada bajo anestesia general con posterior tracción por partes blandas durante cuatro semanas, fue satisfactorio(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Neurofribomatosis type 1 is a common genetic disorder that can frequently affect the skeleton. Skeletal manifestations of type 1 neurofibromatosis include scoliosis, congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia, and intraosseous cystic lesions. Objective: To describe the clinical and images characteristics of this disease, which are present in the case we report, and to describe the treatment and evolution of the patient. Case report: A hip dislocation resulting from an intra-articular neurofibroma is presented in a 17-year-old female patient who suffered minor trauma. Dislocation and its cause in this patient were initially suspected due to the clinical condition and abnormal findings on the first pelvis x-rays and later it was confirmed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Closed reduction was performed under general anesthesia with posterior soft tissue traction for four weeks. The case was followed by outpatient consultation for one year with no new episode of hip dislocation. Conclusions: Recurrent hip dislocation associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 is a rare occurrence and it is poorly reported in the literature. This case illustrates the clinical and particularly imaging characteristics of type 1 neurofibromatosis, using x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography with reconstruction. Closed reduction under general anesthesia was the treatment performed followed by soft tissue traction for four weeks, which was satisfactory(AU)


RÉSUMÉ Introduction: La neurofibromatose de type 1 (NF1) est un trouble génétique commun qui peut affecter fréquemment le squelette. Les manifestations squelettiques de la neurofibromatose de type 1 comprennent la scoliose, la pseudarthrose congénitale du tibia et les lésions kystiques intra-osseuses. Objectif: Décrire les caractéristiques cliniques et radiographiques de cette maladie rencontrées dans ce cas, ainsi que le traitement appliqué et l'évolution de la patiente. Présentation du cas: Le cas d'une patiente âgée de 17 ans atteinte de luxation de la hanche dû à un neurofibrome intra-articulaire et souffrant un traumatisme insignifiant, est présenté. Dès le début, la luxation et sa cause ont été suspectées, étant donné le tableau clinique et les résultats anormaux des premières radiographies du bassin, qui ont été confirmés plus tard par tomographie axiale assistée par ordinateur et IRM. Une réduction fermée sous anesthésie générale avec une traction postérieure des parties molles pendant quatre semaines a été réalisée. Ce cas a été suivi en consultation externe pendant un an sans présenter un nouvel épisode de luxation de hanche. Conclusions: La luxation récidivante de hanche liée à une neurofibromatose de type 1 est une affection rare et peu abordée dans la littérature. Ce cas met en évidence les caractéristiques cliniques, et particulièrement radiographiques, de la neurofibromatose de type 1 au moyen de radiographies, IRM et tomographie avec reconstruction. Le traitement appliqué, c'est-à-dire, la réduction fermée sous anesthésie générale avec une traction postérieure des parties molles pendant quatre semaines, a été satisfaisant(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Neurofibromatosis 1/diagnostic imaging , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Hip Dislocation/therapy , Hip Dislocation/diagnostic imaging
4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, UY-BNMED | ID: biblio-1088704

ABSTRACT

La luxación de cadera de tipo anterior-obturatriz es una patología inusual en la ortopedia pediátrica pero con complicaciones potencialmente graves en la evolución. A propósito, presentamos el caso de una niña de 14 años que sufrió una luxación anterior-obturatriz secundaria a un traumatismo de alta energía. Se le realizo reducción cerrada en block quirúrgico bajo anestesia general, con buena evolución y sin complicaciones, con un seguimiento 24 meses.


Hip dislocation of the anterior-obturator type is an unusual pathology in pediatric orthopedics, but with potentially serious complications in evolution. By the way, we present the case of a 14-year-old girl who suffered a secondary anterior-obturator dislocation and high-energy trauma. A closed reduction was made in the surgical block under general anesthesia, with good evolution and without complications in a follow-up of 24 months.


A luxação anterior-luxação do quadril obturador é uma patologia incomum em ortopedia pediátrica, mas com complicações potencialmente graves na evolução. A propósito, apresentamos o caso de uma menina de 14 anos que sofreu um deslocamento obturador prévio secundário a trauma de alta energia. Uma redução fechada foi realizada no bloco cirúrgico sob anestesia geral, com boa evolução e sem complicações no seguimento de 24 meses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Hip Dislocation/therapy , Hip Dislocation/diagnostic imaging
5.
RFO UPF ; 23(1): 42-47, 15/08/2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-910178

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de fratura do seio frontal, com o manejo clínico e cirúrgico, as complicações e os benefícios dos tratamentos adotados. As lesões do seio frontal, na sua maioria, relacionam-se a traumas de grande amplitude, como acidentes com veículos automotores, agressões físicas, ferimentos com arma de fogo e acidentes em trabalhadores da construção civil, acometendo mais a população masculina entre 21 e 30 anos de idade, podendo afetar as paredes anterior e/ou inferior do seio frontal, incluindo fraturas naso- -órbito-etmoidal e zigomáticas. O seu envolvimento pode causar complicações relacionadas a cavidade intracraniana, órbita e/ou estruturas nasais, como sinusites recorrentes, osteomielite do osso frontal, mucocele ou mucopiocele, meningite, encefalite, abcesso cerebral ou trombose do seio cavernoso, podendo evoluir para o óbito do paciente. Os objetivos do tratamento são: prevenção de infecção, isolamento do conteúdo intracraniano, correção da drenagem de líquido cefalorraquidiano, restauração da função e da estética, podendo ser realizado por equipe multidisciplinar. Relato de caso: o presente trabalho expõe um caso de fratura fronto-naso-órbito-etmoidal com afundamento de seio frontal, confirmada por exame tomográfico de face, em um paciente masculino de 26 anos, vítima de acidente automobilístico, submetido a redução da parede anterior do seio frontal, imobilização e fixação interna rígida, com posterior redução fechada da fratura dos ossos nasais, tamponamento nasal anterior e contenção externa com micropore e gesso. Considerações finais: demonstrou-se com esse artigo a possibilidade de divergência de tomada de conduta das diferentes áreas envolvidas no tratamento e a importância do tratamento multidisciplinar. (AU)


Objective: to report a clinical case of frontal sinus fracture, clinical and surgical management, complications and benefits of the treatments adopted. Frontal sinus lesions, for the most part, are related to large-scale traumas such as accidents with motor vehicles, physical assault, gunshot wounds and accidents in construction workers, affecting more the male population between 21 and 30 years of age, and may affect the anterior and / or inferior wall of the frontal sinus including naso-orbito- ethmoidal and zygomatic fractures. Its involvement may cause complications related to the intracranial cavity, orbit and / or nasal structures such as recurrent sinusitis, osteomyelitis of the frontal bone, mucocele or mucopiocele, meningitis, encephalitis, cerebral abscess or thrombosis of the cavernous sinus, and may evolve to the death of these patients . The objectives of treatment are prevention of infection, isolation of intracranial content, correction of cerebrospinal fluid drainage, restoration of function and aesthetics, and can be performed by a multidisciplinary team. Case report: this paper reports a case of frontal-naso-orbito-orbito-ethmoidal fracture with frontal sinus sinking, confirmed by face tomography, in a 26-year-old male patient who had suffered an auto accident, submitted to a reduction of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus, immobilization and rigid internal fixation with posterior closed reduction of nasal bones fracture, anterior nasal packing and external restraint with micropore and gypsum. Final considerations: to demonstrate the possibility of divergence of the conduct of the different areas involved in the treatment and the importance of the multidisciplinary treatment. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Facial Injuries/surgery , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Frontal Sinus/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev. Fed. Argent. Soc. Otorrinolaringol ; 24(2): 48-51, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-908141

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las fracturas nasales son la consecuencia más frecuente de los traumatismos craneofaciales. Su tratamiento puede involucrar una reducción cerrada de huesos propios nasales que puede realizarse con anestesia local. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar los resultados funcionales, estéticos y el dolor en la reducción cerrada de fracturas nasales. Material y método: Estudio prospectivo, randomizado, y descriptivo que evaluó la funcionalidad nasal antes y después de la reducción, en dolor del procedimiento, y sus resultados estéticos. Resultados: Se realizaron un total de 21 reducciones cerradas. El signo más habitual fue la crepitación en 14 pacientes, laterorrinia en 13, y 4 epistaxis. En cuanto a ventilación nasal previo a la reducción, el máximo puntaje en la escala Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Scale fue de 13 puntos, con un promedio de 4,8 puntos; y luego de realizar la reducción nasal el puntaje más alto fue de 7, con un promedio de 1,09 puntos. Estéticamente, luego de realizar la reducción nasal 8 pacientes notaron que su nariz estaba "mucho mejor", 9 pacientes notaron que su nariz estaba "mejor", y 4 pacientes indicaron que estaba igual. En cuanto a eficacia anestésica el menor puntaje fue de 0 referido por tres pacientes, el más alto fue de 10 en 2 pacientes; y el puntaje promedio referido fue de 3,5. Conclusiones: La reducción cerrada de fractura nasal es una técnica que es posible de realizar bajo anestesia local, obteniendo óptimos resultados estéticos y funcionales, y siendo bien tolerada por el paciente si la técnica se hace adecuadamente. Es necesario contar con la experiencia y los medios necesarios para realizarla.


Introduction: nasal fractures are the most frequent consequence of craniofacial trauma. Its treatment may involve a closed reduction of nasal bones that can be performed under local anesthesia. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the functional, aesthetic and pain outcomes in the closed reduction of nasal fractures. Material and method: Prospective, randomized, and descriptive study, evaluating nasal function before and after reduction, the pain of the procedure, and its aesthetic results. Results: A total of 21 nasal fracture reduction were made closed. The most common sign was crepitus in 14 patients, laterorrinia in 13, and 4 epistaxis. As for nasal ventilation prior to reduction, the maximum score in the Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Scale was 13 points, with an average of 4.8 points; and after performing the nasal reduction the highest score was 7, with an average of 1.09 points. Aesthetically, after making the nasal reduction 8 patients noticed that his nose was "much better", 9 patients noticed that his nose was "better", and 4 patients indicated that was “same as before”. As for anesthetic efficacy was the lowest score of 0 was reported by three patients, the highest was 10 in 2 patients; and referred the average score was 3.5. Conclusions: Closed reduction of nasal fracture is a technique that can perform under local anesthesia, obtaining optimal aesthetic and functional results, and being well tolerated by the patient if the technique is done properly. You must have the experience and resources needed to perform it.


Introdução: as fraturas nasais são a consequência mais frequente dos traumas craniofaciais. Seu tratamento pode envolver uma redução fechada de ossos próprios nasais, a qual pode ser realizada com anestesia local. O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar o resultado funcional, estética e a dor na redução de fracturas fechadas nasais. Material e método: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado e descritivo que avaliou a funcionalidade nasal antes e depois da redução, a dor do procedimento e seus resultados estéticos. Resultados: Foram realizadas 21 reduções fechadas. O sinal mais comum foi a crepitação em 14 pacientes, laterorrinia em 13 e epistaxe em 4. No tocante à ventilação nasal antes da redução, o valor máximo na escala Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Scale foi 13 pontos, com uma média de 4,8 pontos; e, após a redução nasal, o valor mais alto foi 7, com uma média de 1,09 pontos. Esteticamente, após a redução nasal, 8 pacientes notaram que seu nariz estava "muito melhor"; 9 pacientes notaram que seu nariz estava "melhor" y 4 pacientes disseram que estava igual. A respeito da eficácia anestésica, o menor valor foi 0 segundo três pacientes, e o maior foi 10 em 2 pacientes. O valor médio comentado foi 3,5. Conclusões: A redução fechada de fratura nasal é uma técnica que pode ser realizada sob anestesia local, com ótimos resultados estéticos e funcionais. É bem tolerada pelo paciente se a técnica é realizada adequadamente. É preciso contar com a experiência e os meios necessários para realizá-la.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods , Closed Fracture Reduction/rehabilitation , Closed Fracture Reduction , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Anesthesia, Local , Nasal Bone/injuries , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 42(2): 144-150, nov. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869767

ABSTRACT

El Traumatismo Raquimedular (TRM) implica todas las lesiones traumáticas que dañan los huesos, ligamentos, músculos, cartílagos, estructuras vasculares, radiculares o meníngeas a cualquier nivel de la médula espinal. Las consecuencias personales, familiares, sociales y económicas de esta enfermedad, hacen que sea un tema relevante en la actualidad. El propósito de esta revisión es entregar al lector las herramientas elementales sobre el TRM, y está principalmente enfocada en el tratamiento, el cual se aborda estrechamente relacionado con la fisiopatología para comprender los mecanismos moleculares y biomecánicos de trauma, incluyendo sus complicaciones y el manejo de éstas. Respecto al tratamiento del TRM, se aborda la evidencia que ofrecen las terapias actualmente validadas y las aún controversiales, incluyendo los glucocorticoides, la reducción cerrada y la cirugía precoz. Además las terapias emergentes como la hipotermia terapéutica, los nuevos agentes neuroprotectores que se encuentran en fases preclínicas y clínicas de estudio como el riluzol, la minociclina, el litio, los antagonistas opioides, entre otros, y los agentes neurorregenerativos como el Cethrin y el Anti-Nogo que han mostrado buenos resultados en la recuperación neurológica. Las recomendaciones actuales respecto a la terapia con células madre y subtipos de células madre en la actualidad, es que deben llevarse a cabo sólo en el contexto de ensayos clínicos. Aunque aún no existen terapias que permitan la recuperación neurológica completa en todos o la mayoría de los pacientes, las terapias emergentes prevén un futuro promisorio en los resultados clínicos de los pacientes con TRM.


The traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) involves all traumatic injuries that harm the bones, ligaments, muscles, cartilage, vascular, radicular or meningeal structures, at any level of the spinal cord. The personal, family, social and economic consequences of this disease, make it an important issue today. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader, the basic tools of the TRM, and it is mainly aimed at the treatment, which it approaches closely related to the pathophysiology, to understand the molecular and biomechanical mechanisms of trauma, including its complications and his management. Regarding treatment of TSCI, the evidence offered by currently validated and controversial therapies is discussed, including glucocorticoids, closed reduction and early surgery. Also emerging therapies such as therapeutic hypothermia, new neuroprotective agents currently in preclinical and clinical phases as riluzole, minocycline, lithium, opioid antagonists, among others, and neuroregenerative agents like Cethrin and Anti- Nogo that have shown good results in neurological recovery. Current recommendations for therapy with stem cells and subtype stem cell, is that only should be carried out in the context of clinical trials. Although there are not still therapies that allow full neurological recovery in all or most patients, emerging therapies provide a promising future in the clinical outcomes of patients with TRM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Canal/physiopathology , Spinal Canal/injuries , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Hypothermia, Induced/methods , Spinal Cord Regeneration , Stem Cell Transplantation , Multiple Trauma/epidemiology , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Prognosis , Closed Fracture Reduction/methods
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